Florida Department of Education
Curriculum Framework 

Program Title:	Technical Agriculture Operations
Program Type:	Career Preparatory
Career Cluster:	Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources

Secondary – Career Preparatory	
Program Number	8005100	
CIP Number	0101020500	
Grade Level	9-12	
Program Length	5 credits	
Teacher Certification	Refer to the Program Structure section	
CTSO	FFA	
SOC Codes (all applicable) 	49-3041 -- Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians
45-2091 -- Agricultural Equipment Operators	
CTE Program Resources 	http://www.fldoe.org/academics/career-adult-edu/career-tech-edu/program-resources.stml	

Purpose 

This program offers a sequence of courses that provides coherent and rigorous content aligned with challenging academic standards and relevant technical knowledge and skills needed to prepare for further education and careers in the Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources (AFNR) career cluster; provides technical skill proficiency, and includes competency-based applied learning that contributes to the academic knowledge, higher-order reasoning and problem-solving skills, work attitudes, general employability skills, technical skills, and occupation-specific skills, and knowledge of all aspects of the agriculture mechanics industry within the Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources career cluster. 

The content includes but is not limited to mechanical operations, welding, small engine maintenance and repair, planning, management, finance, technical and production skills, underlying principles of technology, labor issues, community issues, and health, safety, and environmental issues.

Additional Information relevant to this Career and Technical Education (CTE) program is provided at the end of this document.

Program Structure

This program is a planned sequence of instruction consisting of five credits. Planned and Supervised Agricultural Experiences (SAE) must be provided through one or more of the following:  (1) foundational career exploration, (2) directed laboratory experience, (3) project ownership/entrepreneurship, (4) cooperative education/internship, (5) School Based Enterprise, or (6) Service Learning.

To teach the course(s) listed below, instructors must hold at least one of the teacher certifications indicated for that course.

The following table illustrates the secondary program structure:

Course Number	Course Title	Teacher Certification	Length	SOC Code	Level	Graduation Requirement	
8106810	Agriscience Foundations 1	AGRICULTUR 1 @2
AGRICULTURE 7 G	1 credit		3	EQ	
8005110	Technical Agriculture Operations 2	AGRICULTUR 1 @2
AGRI MECH #7	1 credit	49-3041	2	CT	
8005120	Technical Agriculture Operations 3		1 credit	49-3041	2	CT	
8005130	Technical Agriculture Operations 4		1 credit	49-3041	2	CT	
8005140	Technical Agriculture Operations 5		1 credit	49-3041	2	CT	
(Graduation Requirement Codes: CT= Career & Technical Education, EQ= Equally Rigorous Science, EC= Economics, MA= Mathematics, 
PL= Personal Financial Literacy)

National Standards (NS): Council for Agricultural Education

Some or all of the courses in this program have been aligned with National Standards AFNR Standards from the Council for Agricultural Education.  If so, the standards have been identified and cross walked with the corresponding CTE standard and/or benchmark. National Standards can be found by accessing the following link: https://ffa.app.box.com/v/Library/folder/52815452676. 

Common Career Technical Core – Career Ready Practices

Career Ready Practices describe the career-ready skills that educators should seek to develop in their students.  These practices are not exclusive to a Career Pathway, program of study, discipline or level of education.  Career Ready Practices should be taught and reinforced in all career exploration and preparation programs with increasingly higher levels of complexity and expectation as a student advances through a program of study. 

1. Act as a responsible and contributing citizen and employee. 

2. Apply appropriate academic and technical skills. 

3. Attend to personal health and financial well-being. 

4. Communicate clearly, effectively and with reason. 

5. Consider the environmental, social and economic impacts of decisions. 

6. Demonstrate creativity and innovation. 

7. Employ valid and reliable research strategies. 

8. Utilize critical thinking to make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. 

9. Model integrity, ethical leadership and effective management. 

10. Plan education and career path aligned to personal goals. 

11. Use technology to enhance productivity. 

12. Work productively in teams while using cultural/global competence. 

Standards

After successfully completing this program, the student will be able to perform the following:

Agriscience Foundations 1
01.0	Examine the history of AFNR production at the local, national, and global level. 
02.0	Employ scientific reasoning to make informed decisions in AFNR systems.
03.0	Apply scientific skills and principles in natural resources.
04.0	Apply scientific skills and principles in plant science.
05.0	Apply scientific skills and principles in animal science.
06.0	Apply scientific skills and principles in food science.
07.0	Apply scientific skills and principles in power, structure, and technical systems.
08.0	Explore AFNR professional development organizations.

Technical Agriculture Operations 2
09.0	Practice personal, equipment, and shop safety.
10.0	Select and use hand and power tools.
11.0	Plan, draw, and construct a project.
12.0	Install simple electrical circuits.
13.0	Perform basic plumbing and irrigation procedures.
14.0	Evaluate the importance of the food and fiber system to understand the impact on global economy.
15.0	Examine the scope of career opportunities in and the importance of agriculture to the economy.
16.0	Demonstrate employability skills.
17.0	Demonstrate welding skills.

Technical Agriculture Operations 3:
18.0	Service and maintain small gasoline engines.
19.0	Perform preventative maintenance, checks, and services for agricultural equipment.
20.0	Design and maintain an irrigation system.
21.0	Explain the components of the American business system.
22.0	Investigate agricultural cooperatives structure and function.
23.0	Mix and pour concrete and use masonry materials.
24.0	Construct and maintain agricultural structures.

Technical Agriculture Operations 4:
25.0	Keep records.
26.0	Weld, braze, and cut, using appropriate equipment.
27.0	Operate, service, test, and maintain agricultural machinery and equipment.
28.0	Discuss the role of refrigeration in agriculture.
29.0	Demonstrate knowledge of new and emerging technologies in agriculture.
Technical Agriculture Operations 5
30.0	Diagnose, service, and repair the lubrication system.
31.0	Test, repair and/or replace, and maintain the cooling system.
32.0	Test, repair and/or replace the intake, exhaust, and turbo-charged systems.
33.0	Test, repair and/or replace the fuel-delivery system, using service manuals.
34.0	Test, repair and/or replace, and maintain the brake system.
35.0	Diagnose, service, repair, and maintain the hydraulic system.
36.0	Diagnose, service, and repair transmission systems.

Florida Department of Education
Student Performance Standards

Course Title: 	Agriscience Foundations 1
Course Number: 	8106810 
Course Credit:	1

Course Description:

This course is designed to develop competencies in the areas of agricultural history and the global impact of agriculture; career opportunities; scientific and research concepts; biological and physical science principles; environmental principles; agriscience safety; principles of leadership; and agribusiness, employability, and human relations skills in agriscience.  Laboratory-based activities are an integral part of this course.  These include the safe use and application of appropriate technology, scientific testing and observation equipment.

Laboratory investigations that include scientific inquiry, research, measurement, problem solving, emerging technologies, tools and equipment, as well as, experimental quality, and safety procedures will be an integral part of this course. Students will interact with materials and primary sources of data or with secondary sources of data to observe and understand the natural world.  Students will develop an understanding of measurement error, and develop the skills to aggregate, interpret, and present the data and resulting conclusions. Equipment and supplies will be provided to enhance these hands-on experiences for students.  A minimum of 20% of classroom time will be dedicated to laboratory experiences.

Agriscience Foundations 1 (8106810) is part of several programs across the Agriculture, Food & Natural Resources career cluster.  To ensure consistency, the standards and benchmarks for this course (01.0 – 8.0) have been placed in a separate document.   To access this document, visit: https://www.fldoe.org/core/fileparse.php/20706/urlt/Agsci-Fnds1-Core-2425.rtf 

Florida Department of Education
Student Performance Standards

Course Title: 		Technical Agriculture Operations 2
Course Number: 	8005110
Course Credit:	1

Course Description:

This course is designed to develop competencies in the areas of safety; selection and use of tools; planning and building projects and construction of agricultural structures, including the use of electrical circuits, plumbing, concrete and masonry; and employability skills.

CTE Standards and Benchmarks	National Standards	
09.0	Practice personal, equipment, and shop safety. The student will be able to:		
09.01	Identify and eliminate hazards in agricultural mechanics settings.		
09.02	Observe color-coded warnings in work areas and on equipment and machinery. (Example Red= Danger, Orange = Warning, Yellow =Caution, Blue = Information, Green = Safety)		
09.03	Describe appropriate actions in case of fire, accident, or other emergencies.	CS.07.03.01.b	
09.04	Describe personal protective equipment (PPE) and appropriate clothing. (Clothing, closed toe shoes Eye wear, and hearing protection)	CS.06.02.01.a	
09.05	Demonstrate safety procedures and workplace "housekeeping" practices.	CS.06.03.01.a	
09.06	Safely handle and store flammable and non-restricted chemicals. 	CS.07.04.02.a	
09.07	Interpret the equipment instructions according to the operator’s manuals for equipment. 	CS.08.01.02.a	
09.08	Comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) rules and regulations within ag shop. 	CS.07.04.01.a	
09.09	Describe the Florida "Right-to-Know" law (as recorded in Florida Statutes, Chapter 442). 	CS.07.04.01.a	
10.0	Select and use hand and power tools. The student will be able to:		
10.01	Identify the capabilities and limitations of hand and power tools. 		
10.02	Select and safely use hand and power tools.	CS.08.01.01.c
CS.08.01.02.a	
10.03	Select and use proper PPE for hand and power tools. 	CS.06.02.01.a	
10.04	Identify worn, damaged, or abused tools and repair. 		
10.05	Select and demonstrate the appropriate procedures for sharpening tools. (Such as chisel, axe, shovel, and knife)		
10.06	Demonstrate the use of measurement tools common to agriculture.		
11.0	Plan, draw, and construct a project. The student will be able to:		
11.01	Plan, draw, and construct a 2 or 3 dimensional project.		
11.02	Design and draw a project using drawing instruments and/or computer-assisted design (CAD) software.		
11.03	Calculate a bill of materials to aid in planning, development, and marketing of projects.		
11.04	Construct a project (woodworking, metal working, PVC).		
11.05	Identify and select appropriate finishes (such as paint, varnish, and stain) to facilitate a creative process using color mixing skills if applicable.		
12.0	Install simple electrical circuits. The student will be able to:		
12.01	Demonstrate appropriate safety precautions and equipment		
12.02	Explain the principles of AC and DC circuitry. 	PST.03.04.02.a	
12.03	Explain series and parallel circuitry. 	PST.03.04.01.b	
12.04	Explain the scientific principles of electrical systems. 		
12.05	Plan and install a simple wiring circuit. 	PST.03.04.01.b	
12.06	Test electrical circuits using a multi-test meter. 		
12.07	Identify and describe the use and function of sensors in Agriculture		
13.0	Perform basic plumbing and irrigation procedures. The student will be able to:		
13.01	Demonstrate appropriate safety precautions and equipment		
13.02	Identify and select plumbing and irrigation materials and tools.		
13.03	Plan and construct a simple water-delivery system.		
13.04	Troubleshoot and perform minor plumbing and irrigation repairs.	PST.04.04.01.b	
13.05	Locate the state and local codes and standards and describe the importance of complying with them.	PST.04.02.03.b	
14.0	Evaluate the importance of the food and fiber system to understand the impact on global economy. The student will be able to:		
14.01	Assess the agricultural impact upon the US gross national product and the total global economy.	CS.09.01.01.c	
14.02	Investigate local, state, and national regulatory laws, industry regulations, and legislation for agricultural businesses.		
14.03	Identify and describe the primary government agencies involved with agriculture.		
14.04	Research new and emerging technologies and their impact on the economy.	CS.10.02.01.b	
14.05	Recognize the value of the food and agribusiness industry.  		
15.0	Examine the scope of career opportunities in and the importance of agriculture to the economy. The student will be able to:		
15.01	Explore agriculture and agribusinesses and their role in the economy.		
15.02	Evaluate and explore the agribusiness career opportunities in agriculture.		
15.03	Compare how key organizational structures and processes affect organizational performance and the quality of products and services.		
15.04	Demonstrate those qualities, attributes, and skills necessary to succeed in, or further prepare for, a chosen career while effectively contributing to society.		
16.0	Demonstrate employability skills. The student will be able to:		
16.01	Conduct group meetings, using parliamentary procedures and public-speaking skills. 		
16.02	Identify the documents that are required for a job application. 		
16.03	Complete a job application form. 		
16.04	Demonstrate competencies in job-interview techniques. 		
17.0	Demonstrate welding skills. The student will be able to:		
17.01	Demonstrate appropriate safety precautions and equipment.		
17.02	Select and use gas to complete a weld.	PST.04.04.07.b
PST.04.04.07.c	
17.03	Select and use electric arc to complete a weld.	PST.04.04.07.b
PST.04.04.07.c	
17.04	Select and use MIG to complete a weld.		

Florida Department of Education
Student Performance Standards

Course Title: 	Technical Agriculture Operations 3 
Course Number: 	8005120
Course Credit:	1

Course Description:

This course is designed to develop competencies in the areas of welding; small gasoline engine service and repair; preventative maintenance procedures; irrigation system repair; refrigeration; new and emerging technologies; financial management skills; and employability skills.

CTE Standards and Benchmarks	National Standards	
18.0	Service and maintain small gasoline engines. The student will be able to:		
18.01	Demonstrate appropriate safety precautions and equipment		
18.02	Explain the scientific principles of small engines. 		
18.03	Identify major parts and describe the general operation of small gasoline engines (2- and 4-stroke cycle). 	PST.03.01.02.a	
18.04	Troubleshoot and perform minor repairs on small gasoline engines. 	PST.03.01.01.c	
19.0	Perform preventive maintenance, checks, and services for agricultural equipment. The student will be able to:		
19.01	Explain the scientific principles of hydraulic and transmission systems. 	PST.03.02.01.a
PST.03.03.01.b	
19.02	Perform daily operator maintenance checks for equipment. 		
19.03	Determine the preventive-maintenance procedures, using the equipment’s operator manual.		
19.04	Perform scheduled preventive-maintenance procedures. 		
19.05	Interpret and perform operator's trouble-shooting procedures as described in the manual. 		
19.06	Keep records of equipment maintenance and services. 		
20.0	Design and maintain an irrigation system. The student will be able to:		
20.01	Demonstrate appropriate safety precautions and equipment		
20.02	Identify the basic components of irrigation systems. 		
20.03	Differentiate various types of irrigation systems. 		
20.04	Identify state and local regulatory agencies for water management.  		
20.05	Perform minor repair on an irrigation system.  		
20.06	Identify irrigation based on volume and pressure.		
20.07	Calculate water consumption for an irrigation system.		
21.0	Explain the components of the American business system. The student will be able to:		
21.01	Describe the five basic ways American business is organized.		
21.02	Distinguish and identify between the characteristics of each method of doing business.		
21.03	Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages provided by each business method.		
21.04	Evaluate how cooperative principles and practices differentiate cooperatives from other businesses.		
22.0	Investigate agricultural cooperatives structure and function. The student will be able to:		
22.01	Explain the definition of a cooperative.		
22.02	Understand the history of cooperative principles and practices.		
23.0	Mix and pour concrete and use masonry materials. The student will be able to:		
23.01	Demonstrate appropriate safety precautions and equipment		
23.02	Calculate concrete and other materials for a masonry project.	PST.04.04.05.a	
23.03	Prepare forms; mix and pour concrete.	PST.04.04.05.b	
24.0	Construct and maintain agricultural structures. The student will be able to:		
24.01	Demonstrate appropriate safety precautions and equipment		
24.02	Read and interpret basic construction plans.	PST.04.02.01.a	
24.03	Lay out an agricultural structure for construction with the use of a transit.		
24.04	Demonstrate basic carpentry construction and procedures.		
24.05	Construct a fence.	PST.04.04.06.b	
24.06	Maintain and repair agricultural structures.		

Florida Department of Education
Student Performance Standards

Course Title: 	Technical Agriculture Operations 4
Course Number: 	8005130
Course Credit:	1

Course Description:

This course is designed to develop competencies in the areas of welding; small gasoline engine service and repair; preventative maintenance procedures; irrigation system repair; refrigeration; new and emerging technologies; financial management skills; and employability skills.

CTE Standards and Benchmarks	National Standards	
25.0	Keep records. The student will be able to:		
25.01	Explain the purpose and importance of keeping records.		
25.02	Demonstrate procedures for keeping records of equipment maintenance and services.		
25.03	Keep records on each job or project assignment.		
25.04	Complete work orders, service invoices, and requisitions.		
25.05	Prepare a written cost estimate of repair work.		
26.0	Weld, braze, and cut, using appropriate equipment. The student will be able to:		
26.01	Practice all recommended safety precautions.		
26.02	Set up, adjust, operate, and maintain MIG (metal inert gas) and TIG (tungsten inert gas) welding equipment.	PST.04.04.07	
26.03	Set up, adjust, and operate plasma cutting equipment.	PST.04.04.07	
26.04	Select recommended operational procedures and supplies for specific jobs.		
26.05	Demonstrate the different welding positions.	PST.04.04.07	
26.06	Cut and pierce metals, using oxyacetylene and plasma.	PST.04.04.07	
26.07	Braze metals.	PST.04.04.07	
26.08	Store welding equipment and supplies according to the recommended storage procedures.		
27.0	Operate, service, test, and maintain agricultural machinery and equipment. The student will be able to:		
27.01	Follow safety precautions when operating, servicing, and maintaining machines and equipment.		
27.02	Operate, diagnose, and adjust common agricultural machinery and equipment, according to the operator's manuals. (Examples include tractors, mowers, sprayers, and fertilizer spreaders)		
27.03	Diagnose, remove, clean, test, repair, and reinstall parts of machinery and equipment, using repair manuals.		
27.04	Discuss the principles of GPS & GIS and its use with precision farming equipment.	PST.05.03.01	
27.05	Demonstrate techniques in land measurement. (including differential and profile techniques)		
28.0	Discuss the role of refrigeration in agriculture. The student will be able to:		
28.01	Demonstrate appropriate safety precautions and equipment		
28.02	Describe the primary components of a refrigeration system.		
29.0	Demonstrate knowledge of new and emerging technologies in agriculture. The student will be able to:		
29.01	Discuss new power technologies.		
29.02	Discuss developing energy sources		
29.03	Discuss energy management issues.		

Florida Department of Education
Student Performance Standards

Course Title: 	Technical Agriculture Operations 5
Course Number: 	8005140
Course Credit:	1

Course Description:

This course is designed to develop competencies in the areas of service, repair, and maintenance of the following: the lubrication system; the cooling system; the intake, exhaust, and turbo-charged systems; the fuel-delivery system; hydraulics and pneumatics; transmissions; and the brake system.

CTE Standards and Benchmarks	National Standards	
30.0	Diagnose, service, and repair the lubrication system. The student will be able to:		
30.01	Change oil filters.		
30.02	Check and change oils and other lubricants in engines.		
30.03	Diagnose and replace damaged or worn components of the system.		
31.0	Test, repair and/or replace, and maintain the cooling system. The student will be able to:		
31.01	Test coolant.	PST.03.05.01.c	
31.02	Flush and clean the system.	PST.03.05.01.c	
31.03	Test, repair and/or replace parts of the system.	PST.03.05.01.c	
31.04	Adjust parts of the system for proper operation.	PST.03.05.01.c	
32.0	Test, repair and/or replace the intake, exhaust, and turbo-charged systems. The student will be able to		
32.01	Troubleshoot the intake, exhaust, and turbo-charged systems, using recommended diagnostic equipment.		
32.02	Repair and replace parts of the systems.		
32.03	Service and adjust the systems for proper operation.		
33.0	Test, repair and/or replace the fuel-delivery system, using service manuals. The student will be able to:		
33.01	Identify how to remove, clean, rebuild, and reinstall carburetors.		
33.02	Bleed the diesel-fuel system.		
33.03	Remove and reinstall a diesel-fuel-injection pump, according to the manufacturer's specifications.		
33.04	Discuss how to replace components of the fuel system.		
33.05	Service and adjust parts of the fuel system for proper operation.		
33.06	Service electronic fuel injection for gas engines.		
34.0	Test, repair and/or replace, and maintain the brake system. The student will be able to:		
34.01	Drain, refill, and adjust the brake system.		
34.02	Repair and replace parts of the system.		
34.03	Service and adjust the system for proper operation.		
35.0	Diagnose, service, repair, and maintain the hydraulic system. The student will be able to:		
35.01	Change filters and drain, flush, and refill the hydraulic system.		
35.02	Troubleshoot hydraulic-system components, using recommended diagnostic equipment.	PST.03.03.03.c	
35.03	Repair and replace parts of the system.	PST.03.03.03.c	
35.04	Service and adjust the system for proper operation	PST.03.03.03.c	
36.0	Diagnose, service, and repair transmission systems. The student will be able to:		
36.01	Troubleshoot transmission components, using recommended diagnostic equipment.		
36.02	Repair and replace parts of transmission systems.		
36.03	Service and adjust parts of different transmission systems for proper operation.		
36.04	Service and repair transfer case		
36.05	Troubleshoot transfer case components.		
36.06	Service and adjust system components.		
36.07	Repair and replace system components.		
36.08	Change filters and drain, flush, and refill the transfer case system.		

Additional Information

Laboratory Activities

Laboratory investigations that include scientific inquiry, research, measurement, problem solving, emerging technologies, tools and equipment, as well as, experimental, quality, and safety procedures are an integral part of this career and technical program/course. Laboratory investigations benefit all students by developing an understanding of the complexity and ambiguity of empirical work, as well as the skills required to manage, operate, calibrate and troubleshoot equipment/tools used to make observations. Students understand measurement error; and have the skills to aggregate, interpret, and present the resulting data. Equipment and supplies should be provided to enhance hands-on experiences for students.

Florida Standards for English Language Development (ELD)
English language learners communicate for social and instructional purposes within the school setting. ELD.K12.ELL.SI.1 

English Language Development (ELD) Standards Special Notes:
Teachers are required to provide listening, speaking, reading and writing instruction that allows English language learners (ELL) to communicate for social and instructional purposes within the school setting.   For the given level of English language proficiency and with visual, graphic, or interactive support, students will interact with grade level words, expressions, sentences and discourse to process or produce language necessary for academic success. The ELD standard should specify a relevant content area concept or topic of study chosen by curriculum developers and teachers which maximizes an ELL’s need for communication and social skills. For additional information on the development and implementation of the ELD standards, please contact the Bureau of Student Achievement through Language Acquisition at SALA@fldoe.org 

Career and Technical Student Organization (CTSO)

Florida FFA is the co-curricular career and technical student organization for providing leadership training and reinforcing specific career and technical skills.  Career and Technical Student Organizations provide activities for students as an integral part of the instruction offered.  

Cooperative Training – OJT

On-the-job training is appropriate but not required for this program.  Whenever offered, the rules, guidelines, and requirements specified in the OJT framework apply. 

Accommodations

Federal and state legislation requires the provision of accommodations for students with disabilities as identified on the secondary student’s Individual Educational Plan (IEP) or 504 plan or postsecondary student’s accommodations’ plan to meet individual needs and ensure equal access. Accommodations change the way the student is instructed. Students with disabilities may need accommodations in such areas as instructional methods and materials, assignments and assessments, time demands and schedules, learning environment, assistive technology and special communication systems. Documentation of the accommodations requested and provided should be maintained in a confidential file.

In addition to accommodations, some secondary students with disabilities (students with an IEP served in Exceptional Student Education (ESE)) will need modifications to meet their needs. Modifications change the outcomes or what the student is expected to learn, e.g., modifying the curriculum of a secondary career and technical education course. Note: postsecondary curriculum and regulated secondary programs cannot be modified.

Some secondary students with disabilities (ESE) may need additional time (i.e., longer than the regular school year), to master the student performance standards associated with a regular course or a modified course.  If needed, a student may enroll in the same career and technical course more than once.  Documentation should be included in the IEP that clearly indicates that it is anticipated that the student may need an additional year to complete a Career and Technical Education (CTE) course.  The student should work on different competencies and new applications of competencies each year toward completion of the CTE course.  After achieving the competencies identified for the year, the student earns credit for the course.  It is important to ensure that credits earned by students are reported accurately.  The district’s information system must be designed to accept multiple credits for the same course number for eligible students with disabilities.